有趣的英语考试，你快来看啊汇编4篇
《快来》是连载于话本小说的一部灵异类网络小说，作者是tmdqgmdhn。以下是小编整理的有趣的英语考试，你快来看啊汇编4篇，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
【篇一】有趣的英语考试，你快来看啊
今天给大家分享一下高考英语作文万能模板+作文预测，一起要收藏起来哦!希望对大家也能有所帮助。
一、介绍信作文预测
传统文化
假如你是李华，你校的交換生Bob想加入中国传统文化学习小组，并想了解该学习小组的有关情况。请你给他写一封电子邮件,包括以下内容：
1.学习时间和地点;
2.小组情况;
3.学习内容(京剧、皮影戏)等
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:皮影戏 Chinese shadow play
Dear Bob
i"m glad to hear that you" re interested in traditional Chinese culture. i"m writing to tell you something a bout the study group for traditional Chinese culture.
As scheduled, the members of the group have lessons in the school hall every afternoon from Monday to Thursday. Up to now, forty students have joined us, ten of whom are exchange students from different countries. Welearntraditional Chinese art such as Beijing Opera andChinese shadow playunder theguidance of professionalteachers.
The group provides a good opportunity to learnabout traditional Chinese culture, especially for exchangestudents. I believe you"ll like it the moment you join it.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
二、道歉信作文预测
假设你是新华中学的学生李华,你和在上海上学的英国朋友Tom 约好下周未去北京旅游,但你因故不能赴约。请你根据以下要点用英语给他写一封电子邮件:
1.表示歉意;
2.解释原因;
3.另约时间.
注意:
1.词数120~150;
2.可适当增加细节
Dear Tom
I" m very sorry that I cant go on a trip to Beijingwith you next weekend, which I have promised youi" m writing to tell you the reason for it.
Just now, my cousin, Li Ming, who went abroad for further education last year, informed me that he would return the next Saturday morning. He asked me to pick him up at the airport with his parents. As you know, we haven" t seen each other for about a
year, so i" Il have to help him in the first place.
I really hope that you can accept my apologies and understand me. I would appreciate it if you allow me to fix another time to show you around some places of interest in Beijing.
Wish you have a good time this weekend.
Yours,
Li Hua
三、建议信作文预测
假定你是李华,你所喜爱的 Global Mirror 周报创刊五周年之际征集读者意见.请你依据以下内容给主编写封信,内容主要包括:
1.说明你是该报的忠实读者;
2.说明该报优点;
3.提出建议:刊登指导英语学习的文章。
注意:
1.词数100左右,开头语己为你写好;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear editor-in-chief
Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Global Mirrorm a regular reader of your newspaper. I like it so much that I hardly miss any copy. There are many advantages of Global Mirror.
Firstly, Global Mirror covers both national and international news. By simply turning the pages, I can know all important things that have happened both home and abroad.Besides, the success stories of world famous people are also attractive to me, which help me learn a lot from them. In a word, thanks to Global Mirror, we are well-informed and keep up with the changing world.
As a young student, I wish that I can be a master of English language. Therefore, I suggest that Global Mirror provide articles about English learning for us .Finally, I hope that Global Mirror will become more and more popular. Thank you for your time.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
四、通知作文预测
假如你是学生会主席李华,学生会打算举办中华经典文学朗诵活动,请根据以下内容写一份英文通知。
1.时间:报名截至时可5月20日;活动时间:5月30日下午3:00一5:00
2.地点:学校演讲厅
3.内容和形式:个人或小组朗诵中华经典文学作品
4.奖项:评出前十名颁奖
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
参考词江:中华经典文学朗通 Chinese Classics Reciting
NOTICE
In order to improve the students"spoken Chinese and encourage them to read more Chinese classics, a Chinese Classics Reciting contest among the students will be held in the school lecture hall from 3 p. m to 5 p.m on 30th May. It is organized by the Student Union.
Those who want to take part in the contest, please sign up in the Student Union office before May 20th. The contesters should recite Chinese classics individually or in a group. The first 10 winners will be given prizes. Everyone is welcome to participate in it.
The Student Union
May10.
五、演讲稿作文预测
假如你是高三学生李华,请写一篇演讲稿,准备代表全体同学在毕业典礼上发言,内容要点如下：
1.毕业的心情;
2.高中三年的收获;
3.感谢和决心。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头语和结束语已为你写好。
Good morning, everyone.
I" m Li Hua. it"s my great honor to stand here to deliver my speech. It has been three years since I started my high school. At this moment, I can not bear to part but I am also eager for my new life in university.
During the three years, not only have I made some true friends who shared sorrows and ovs with me, but also I have gained various knowledge .Before leaving, Id like to express my sincere gratitude to my teachers. It was they who patiently answered our endless questions. Besides, I owe many thanks to my dear classmates. Without their help and encouragement, I couldn" t have overcome so many difficulties. Now i" ve been determined to lead a more meaningful life in university and I will live up to the expectations of my teachers and my parents.
Thank you for your listening !
六、邀请信作文预测共享单车
假设你是李华,你校的新高一交换生TOM对共享单车感到新奇,请你写一份邮件,邀请他去体验共享单车。内容包括：
1.现象;
2.共享单车兴起的原因;
3.约TOM周未骑共享单车。
Dear Tom
Learning that you have a strong fancy for the shared-bikes, I am glad to tell you some relevant information about it .
Currently, the bike-sharing program is popular among people ranging from the old and the young,as a result of which such a bike can be seen here and there .
The shared-bikes come into being for the reason that it solves the last kilometer problem efficiently and makes contribution to reducing air pollution.
Sobeneficial is the shared-bike that we ought to have a try. I sincerely invite you to ride the shared-bikes with me this weekend. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours
Li Hua
七、行程安排作文预测
假定你是李华。你的英国朋友Jim国庆假期要到你的家乡汩罗旅游。现请你根据要点提示给他回一封电子邮件说明你为他制定的行程安排。要点提示:
1.表达对他到来的期待;
2.到来之前他应作的准备;
3.介绍你制定的行程计划(参观屈子祠和汩罗江,并品尝当地小吃等)。
注意:
1.词数150左右;
2.已给出的开头和结尾不计入总词数;
可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:屈子祠 Quzi Memorial Temple;汩罗江 Miluo River;小吃snack
Dear David
I am so excited and looking forward to your trip to Miluo. I am well prepared for our journeys and I am sure it would be a memorable trip for you and me. I have got a map of Miluo for you so that you would not get lost. Additionally, I have made a trip plan for you.
At first, we will visit Quzi Memorial Temple, where you can enjoy Chines traditional culture. With a long history and amazing architecture, you would be so proud of this construction. And then I want to take you to boat on Miluo River to have a look at the beautiful night views of the banks of Miluo. After that, we must have a taste of the special food especially snacks.
It is important for people to come here. There would be another place we visit if we have time. It would be such a memorable .i" m very excited to have you stay with me and I know that this trip will be a wonderful experience. i" m lookingforward to meeting you.
八、调查报告类作文预测科学技术
最近,你班同学就“太空探索是否值得"这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据下列提供的信息,用英语写一篇短文介绍讨论的情况：30%的同学认为太空探索不值得,70%的同学认为值得探索。
Recently, students in our class have had a discussion on whether space is worth exploring 30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earths problems such as starvation and pollution.
On the other hand, 70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it, such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast .what"s more,with further space research, we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day.
Also, space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.
高考英语写作必备模板
一、利弊型的议论文
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over( the issue that)————作文题目.In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in————题目议题.Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly,————优点一. And secondly优点二
Just As a popular saying goes," every coin has two sides",讨论议题————is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with————缺点一. In addition,————缺点二
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of————讨论议题———— into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that CaSe, we will definitely make a better use of the————讨论议题.
二、图表作文
As is shown/indicatedillustrated by the figure/percentage in the table( graph/ picture/pe/ chart)，作文题目的议题———— has been on rise/decrease,significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from————in————to————in————.From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that————.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for————.On the one hand————.On the other hand,————is due to the fact that————.In addition,————is responsible for————.Maybe there are some other reasons to show————.But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.
As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that————.I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
三、解决问题阐述型
In recent days, we have to face the problem-a, which is becoming more and more serious. First————(说明A的现状). Second，————(举例进一步说明现状) Confronted with A，we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation .For one thing,————(解决方法一).For another ————(解决方法二).Finally,————(解決方法三).Personally, I believe that————(我的解決方法). Consequently， i"m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because————(带来的好处).
【篇二】有趣的英语考试，你快来看啊
这些热门英语考试你知道吗？
PETS（Public English Test System）即全国公共英语等级考试，是教育部考试中心设计并负责的全国性英语水平考试体系。作为中、英两国政府的教育交流合作项目，在设计过程中它得到了英国专家的技术支持。
LSAT（Law School Admission Test）即法学院入学考试，是由位于美国宾西法尼亚州的.法学院入学委员会为其下197所（美国183所、加拿大15所）法学院成员设置的法学院入学资格考试，用以衡量考生的阅读和逻辑推理能力。
TSE（Test of Spoken English）即英语口语测试，是美国教育考试服务处为母语为非英语国家的学生提供的英语口语水平考试。该考试主要是测试考生的口语能力。TSE考试分为TSE（A）和TSE（B）两种。申请美国、加拿大大学助学金的申请者都应参加TSE（A）考试，申请其它类型奖学金者可以参加TSE（B）考试。
APIEL（The Advanced Placement International English Language）是美国大学委员会理事会1995年批准开发的一种高级国际英语课程及相应测试外国学生英语能力的考试国际英语进阶考试，是由美国大学委员会命题，但在运作上又委托ETS进行。
BEC（Business English Certificate）教育部考试中心和英国剑桥大学考试委员会合作，于1993年起举办的商务英语证书考试。该系列考试是一项水平考试，根据商务工作的实际需要，对考生在商务和一般生活环境下使用英语的能力从听、说、读、写四个方面进行全面考查，对成绩及格者提供由英国剑桥大学考试委员会颁发的标准统一的成绩证书。
TOPE（Test of Professional English）即职业英语考试，是由ETS―――美国教育测试服务中心专门针对母语非英语国家的企业、政府部门和英语学习爱好者设计、开发的一项考试。
职称外语等级考试
全名是全国专业技术人员职称外语等级考试，是根据评审条件应达到外语水平的要求，通过笔试的形式对专业技术人员掌握基本外语语汇情况进行检验，考试成绩是衡量专业技术人员水平的组成部分。
【篇三】有趣的英语考试，你快来看啊
快来看小学六年级作文
有人说，童年像风筝，越飞越远，可风筝的线始终是在我们手中的．每当坐在窗下，望着在摇拽的绿叶中跳动的小鸟，我的心就被牵到昨夜的梦中.
我4岁的时候，很怕狗。我怕狗是有原因的。因为我小时候常常哭，外婆没办法，就吓唬我：再哭狗就要了吃你了．因此我十分害怕狗，老远看到它也要退让三分，就连看到个＂狗＂字，牙齿也直打颤。但伙伴们问我怕不怕时，我总违心地说不怕。
可冤家路窄，在我上托儿所的"路上就有一条十分凶猛的狗，我每次路过那里，总得像做贼似的，蹑手蹑脚。
哟一次，伙伴们和我同路，说要领教我打狗的本领，这下我可慌了，但还得假戏真做：“你们难道还信不过我吗？”我虽拍着胸脯，但那心却扑通扑通地跳上跳下，她们执意要我“表演”，我吓得毫毛根根竖起。
为了不使伙伴笑我，我只得硬着头皮往前走，那路似乎比过去短了，一会儿就到了令我毛骨悚然的地方。
“汪汪——”一阵刺耳的狗叫，使我感到今天的战斗不是你死就是我活。我深深地吸了一口气，折了一根树枝，耸着肩往前走…………
走着走着,突然来了辆车,结果狗被吓跑了.....
真是虚惊一场啊!!!!
【篇四】有趣的英语考试，你快来看啊
这个是我从Manual上copy下来的，希望对大家有用， bcp Description Copiesadatabasetoorfromanoperatingsystemfileinauser-specifiedformat. Syntax bcp[[database_name.]owner.][view_name|table_name[:partition_id]]{in|out}datafile[-c][-E][-n][-X] [-a
这个是我从Manual上copy下来的，希望对大家有用。
bcp
Description
Copies a database to or from an operating system file in a user-specified format.
Syntax
bcp [[database_name.]owner.][view_name | table_name [:partition_id]] {in | out} datafile[-c] [-E] [-n] [-X]
[-a display_charset]
[-A size]
[-b batchsize]
[-e errfile]
[-f formatfile]
[-F firstrow]
[-g id_start_value]
[-I interfaces_file]
[-J client_charset]
[-L lastrow]
[-m maxerrors]
[-P password]
[-q datafile_charset]
[-r row_terminator]
[-R remote_server_principal]
[-S server]
[-t field_terminator]
[-T text_or_image_size]
[-U username]
[-z language]
or
bcp -v
Parameters
database_name
is optional if the table being copied is in your default database or in master. Otherwise, you must specify a database name.
owner
is optional if you or the Database Owner owns the table being copied. If you do not specify an owner, bcp looks first for a table of that name that you own, and then looks for one owned by the Database Owner. If another user owns the table, you must specify the owner name or the command fails.
view_name
is the name of the view you are copying out.
table_name
is the name of the database table to copy.
Partition number partition_number does not exist in table table_name.
partition_id
is the identifier of the partition into which to copy.
in | out
is the direction of the copy. in indicates a copy from a file into the database table; out indicates a copy to a file from the database table or view.
datafile
is the full path name of an operating system file. The path name can be from 1 to 255 characters in length.
-c
performs the copy operation with char datatype as the default. This parameter does not prompt for each field; it uses char as the default storage type, no prefixes, \\t (tab) as the default field terminator, and \\n (newline) as the default row terminator.
-E
explicitly specifies the value of a table"s IDENTITY column.
By default, when you bulk copy data into a table with an IDENTITY column, bcp assigns each row a temporary IDENTITY column value of 0. As bcp inserts each row into the table, the server assigns the row a unique, sequential IDENTITY column value, beginning with the value 1. If you specify the -E flag when copying data into a table, bcp prompts you to enter an explicit IDENTITY column value for each row. If the number of inserted rows exceeds the maximum possible IDENTITY column value, Adaptive Server returns an error.
By default, when you bulk copy data from a table with an IDENTITY column, bcp excludes all information about the column from the output file. If you specify the -E flag, bcp copies the existing IDENTITY column values into the output file.
You cannot use the -E and -g flags together.
-n
performs the copy operation using native (operating system) formats. Specifying the -n parameter means bcp will not prompt for each field. Files in native data format are not human-readable.
Warning! Do not use bcp in native format for data recovery or salvage or to resolve an emergency situation. Do not use bcp in native format to transport data between different hardware platforms, different operating systems, or different major releases of Adaptive Server. Do not use field terminators (-t) or row terminators (-r) with bcp in native format. Results are unpredictable and data could become corrupted. Using bcp in native format can create flat files that cannot be reloaded into Adaptive Server and it may be impossible to recover the data. If you are unable to re-run bcp in character format (for example, a tablewastruncated or dropped, hardware damage oclearcase/“ target=”_blank“ >ccurred, a database was dropped, and so on) the data will be unrecoverable.
-X
specifies that, in this connection to the server, the application initiates the login with client-side password encryption. bcp (the client) specifies to the server that password encryption is desired. The server sends back an encryption key, which bcp uses to encrypt your password, and the server uses the key to authenticate your password when it arrives.
-a display_charset
allows you to run bcp from a terminal where the character set differs from that of the machine on which bcp is running. Use -a in conjunction with -J to specify the character set translation file (.xlt file) required for the conversion. Use -a without -J only if the client character set is the same as the default character set.
The following error message will appear if the character translation file(s) named with the -a parameter is missing, or you mistype the name(s):
Error in attempting to determine the size of a pair of translation tables.:"stat" utility failed.
-A size
specifies the network packet size to use for this bcp session. For example:
bcp pubs2..titles out table_out -A 2048
sets the packet size to 2048 bytes for this bcp session. size must be between the values of the default network packet size and maximum network packet size configuration variables, and it must be a multiple of 512.
Use larger-than-default network packet sizes to improve the performance of large bulk-copy operations.
-b batchsize
is the number of rows per batch of data copied (the default is to copy all the rows in one batch). Batching applies only when you are bulk copying in; it has no effect on bulk copying out.
-e errfile
is the full path name of an error file where bcp stores any rows that it was unable to transfer from the file to the database. Error messages from the bcp program appear on your terminal. bcp creates an error file only when you specify this parameter.
-f formatfile
is the full path name of a file with stored responses from a previous use of bcp on the same table. After you answer bcp"s format questions, it prompts you to save your answers in a format file. Creation of the format file is optional. The default file name is bcp.fmt. The bcp program can refer to a format file when you are copying data so that you do not have to duplicate your previous format responses interactively. Use the -f parameter only if you previously created a format file that you wantto use now for a copy in or copy out. If you do not specify this parameter, bcp queries you for format information interactively.
-F firstrow
is the number of the first row to copy from an input file (default is the first row).
-g id_start_value
specifies the value of the IDENTITY column to use as a starting point for copying data in.
You cannot use the -g and -E flags together.
-I interfaces_file
specifies the name and location of the interfaces file to search when connecting to Adaptive Server. If you do not specify -I, bcp looks for an interfaces file (sql.ini onWindowsplatforms) located in the ini directory, which is below the directory specified by the SYBASE environment variable.
-J client_charset
specifies the character set to use on the client. bcp uses a filter to convert input between client_charset and the Adaptive Server character set.
-J client_charset requests that Adaptive Server convert to and from client_charset, the character set used on the client.
-J with no argument disables character set conversion. Use this if the client and server use the same character set.
Omitting -J sets the character set to a default for the platform, which may not necessarily be the character set that the client is using. See the System Administration Guide for more information about character sets and associated flags.
The following error message will appear if an incorrect or unrecognized character set is named with the -J parameter:
Unrecognized localization object. Using default value "iso_1".
Starting copy...
=> warning.
-L lastrow
is the number of the last row to copy from an input file (default is the last row).
-m maxerrors
is the maximum number of errors permitted before bcp aborts the copy. bcp discards each row that it cannot build, counting each rejected row as one error. If you do not include this parameter, bcp uses a default value of 10.
-P password
specifies an Adaptive Server password. If you do not specify -P password, bcp prompts for a password. You can leave out the -P flag If your password is NULL.
-q datafile_charset
runs bcp to copy character data to or from a file system that uses a character set different from the client character set.
In Japanese language environments, the -q flag translates Hankaku Katakana (half-width characters) into Zenkaku Katakana (full-width characters).
The following error message will appear if the character translation file(s) named with the -q parameter is missing, or you mistype the name(s):
Error in attempting to determine the size of a pair of translation tables.:"stat" utility failed.
The ascii_7 character set is compatible with all character sets. If either the Adaptive Server character set or the client"s character set is set to ascii_7, any 7-bit ASCII character is allowed to pass between client and server unaltered. Other characters produce conversion errors. Character set conversion issues are covered more thoroughly in the System Administration Guide.
-r row_terminator
specifies the row terminator.
Warning! Do not use -t or -r parameters with bcp in native format. Results are unpredictable and data could become corrupted.
When specifying terminators from the command line with the -t or -r parameter, you must escape characters that have special significance to the Windows NT Command Prompt shell (see the following examples). Either place a backslash in front of the special character or enclose it in quotes. This is not necessary when bcp prompts you (interactive mode).
-R remote_server_principal
specifies the principal name for the server as defined to the security mechanism. By default, a server"s principal name matches the server"s network name (which is specified with the -S parameter or the DSQUERY environment variable). Use the -R parameter when the server"s principal name and network name are not the same.
-S server
specifies the name of the Adaptive Server to which to connect. If you specify -S with no argument, bcp uses the server specified by the DSQUERY environment variable.
-t field_terminator
specifies the default field terminator.
Warning! Do not use -t or -r parameters with bcp in native format. Results are unpredictable and data could become corrupted.
-T text_or_image_size
allows you to specify, in bytes, the maximum length of text or image data that Adaptive Server sends. The default is 32K. If a text or an image field is larger than the value of -T or the default, bcp does not send the overflow.
-U username
specifies an Adaptive Server login name. If you do not specify username, bcp uses the current user"s operating system login name.
-z language
is the official name of an alternate language the server uses to display bcp prompts and messages. Without the -z flag, bcp uses the server"s default language. You can add languages to an Adaptive Server during installation or afterward, using the langinst utility or the sp_addlanguage stored procedure.
The following error message will appear if an incorrect or unrecognized language is named with the -z parameter:
Unrecognized localization object. Using default value "us_english".
Starting copy...
=> warning.
-v
reports the current version and copyright message of the bcp program.
Examples
Example 1
bcp pubs2..publishers out pub_out -c -t , -r \\r
Copies data out of the publishers table in character format (using char for all fields) using the -c parameter. The -t field_terminator parameter ends each field with a comma, and the -r row_terminator parameter ends each line with a Return. bcp prompts only for a password.
Example 2
bcp pubs2..publishers out pub_out
Password:
Enter the file storage type of field pub_id [char]:
Enter prefix length of field pub_id [0]:
Enter length of field pub_id [4]:
Enter field terminator [none]:
Enter the file storage type of field pub_name [char]:
Enter prefix length of field pub_name [1]:
Enter length of field pub_name [40]:
Enter field terminator [none]:
Enter the file storage type of field city [char]:
Enter prefix length of field city [1]:
Enter length of field city [20]:
Enter field terminator [none]:
Enter the file storage type of field state [char]:
Enter prefix length of field state [1]:
Enter length of field state [2]:
Enter field terminator [none]:
Copies data from the publishers table to a file named pub_out for later reloading into Adaptive Server. Press Return to accept the defaults specified by the prompts. The same prompts appear when you copy data into the publishers table.
Example 3
bcp pubs2..publishers out pub_out -c -t , -r \\r
Copies data out of the publishers table in character format (using char for all fields). The -t field_terminator parameter ends each field with a comma, and the -r row_terminator parameter ends each line with a Return. bcp prompts only for a password.
Example 4
bcp pubs2..publishers out pub_out
Password:
Enter the file storage type of field pub_id [char]:
Enter prefix length of field pub_id [0]:
Enter length of field pub_id [4]:
Enter field terminator [none]:
Enter the file storage type of field pub_name [char]:
Enter prefix length of field pub_name [1]:
Enter length of field pub_name [40]:
Enter field terminator [none]:
Enter the file storage type of field city [char]:
Enter prefix length of field city [1]:
Enter length of field city [20]:
Enter field terminator [none]:
Enter the file storage type of field state [char]:
Enter prefix length of field state [1]:
Enter length of field state [2]:
Enter field terminator [none]:
Copies data from the publishers table to a file named pub_out for later reloading into Adaptive Server. Press Return to accept the defaults specified by the prompts. The same prompts appear when you copy data into the publishers table.
Usage
See Chapter 2, ”Using bcp to Transfer Data to and from Adaptive Server“ for an in-depth discussion of bcp.
See the Performance and Tuning Guide for more information on how changing certain parameters can affect bcp for large batches.
bcp provides a convenient, high-speed method for transferring data between a database table or view and an operating system file. bcp can read or write files in a wide variety of formats. When copying in from a file, bcp inserts data into an existing database table; when copying out to a file, bcp overwrites any previous contents of the file.
You cannot copy into a view from an operating system file.
Upon completion, bcp informs you of the number of rows of data successfully copied, the total time the copy took, the average amount of time, in milliseconds, that it took to copy one row and the number of rows copied per second.
The current version of bcp ignores the -y sybase_directory parameter.
You cannot use named pipes to copy files in or out.
Error message format is different than previous versions of bcp. If you have scripts that perform routines based on the values of these messages you may need to re-write them, for example:
The display message that indicates the number of rows transferred has been changed. During a session, this version of bcp periodically reports a running total of rows transferred. This message replaces the ”1000 rows transferred“ message displayed by the previous bcp.
Do not use -t or -r parameters with bcp in native format. Results are unpredictable and data could become corrupted.
Copying Tables with Indexes or Triggers
The bcp program is optimized to load data into tables that do not have indexes or triggers associated with them. It loads data into tables without indexes or triggers at the fastest possible speed, with a minimum of logging. Page allocations are logged, but the insertion of rows is not.
When you copy data into a table that has one or more indexes or triggers, a slower version of bcp is automatically used, which logs row inserts. This includes indexes implicitly created using the unique integrity constraint of a create table statement. However, bcp does not enforce the other integrity constraints defined for a table.
Because the fast version of bcp inserts data without logging it, the System Administrator or Database Owner must first set the system procedure sp_dboption, ”DB“, to true. If the option is not set to true, and you try to copy data into a table that has no indexes or triggers, Adaptive Server generates an error message. You do not need to set this option to copy data out to a file or to copy data into a table that contains indexes or triggers.
Because bcp logs inserts into a table that has indexes or triggers when you use slow bcp, the log can grow very large. You can truncate the log with dump transaction after the bulk copy completes and after you have backed up your database with dump database.
While the select into/bulkcopy/pllsort option is on, you cannot dump the transaction log. Issuing dump transaction produces an error message instructing you to use dump database instead.
Warning! Be certain that you dump your database before you turn off the select into/bulkcopy/pllsort flag. If you have inserted unlogged data into your database, and you then perform a dump transaction before performing a dump database, you will not be able to recover your data.
Fast bcp runs more slowly while a dump database is taking place.
Table 4-2 shows which version bcp uses when copying in, the necessary settings for the select into/bulkcopy/pllsort option, and whether the transaction log is kept and can be dumped.
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Table 4-2: Comparing fast and slow bcp
By default, the select into/bulkcopy/pllsort option is off in newly created databases. To change the default situation, turn this option on in the model database.
The performance penalty for copying data into a table that has indexes or triggers in place can be severe. If you are copying in a very large number of rows, it may be faster to drop all the indexes and triggers beforehand with drop index (or alter table, for indexes created as a unique constraint) and drop trigger; set the database option; copy the data into the table; re-create the indexes and triggers; and then dump the database. Remember to allocate disk space for the construction of indexes and triggers?about 2.2 times the amount of space needed for the data.
Responding to bcp Prompts
When you copy data in or out using the -n (native format) or -c (character format) parameters, bcp prompts you only for your password, unless you supplied it with the -P parameter. If you do not supply either the -n, -c or -f formatfile parameter, bcp prompts you for information for each field in the table or view.
Each prompt displays a default value, in brackets, which you can accept by pressing Return. The prompts include:
The file storage type, which can be character or any valid Adaptive Server datatype
The prefix length, which is an integer indicating the length in bytes of the following data
The storage length of the data in the file for non-NULL fields
The field terminator, which can be any character string
Scale and precision for numeric and decimal data types
The row terminator is the field terminator of the last field in the table, view, or file.
The bracketed defaults represent reasonable values for the datatypes of the field in question. For the most efficient use of space when copying out to a file:
Use the default prompts
Copy all data in the datatypes defined by their table
Use prefixes as indicated
Do not use terminators
Accept the default lengths
Table 4-3 shows the bcp prompts, defaults, and the possible alternate user responses:
Table 4-3: bcp prompts?their defaults and user responses
bcp can copy data out to a file either as its native (database) datatype or as any datatype for which implicit conversion is supported for the datatype in question. bcp copies user-defined datatypes as their base datatype or as any datatype for which implicit conversion is supported. For more information on datatype conversions, see dbconvert in the Open Client DB-Library/C Reference Manual or the Adaptive Server Reference Manual.
Be careful when you copy data from different operating systems because not all operating systems use the same native datatypes (for example, copying from NT into aUNIXserver).
A prefix length is a 1-, 2-, or 4-byte integer that represents the length of each data value. It immediately precedes the data value in the host file.
Fields defined in the database as char, nchar, and binary are always padded with spaces (null bytes for binary) to the full length defined in the database. timestamp data is treated as binary(.
If data in the varchar and varbinary fields is longer than the length specified for copy out, bcp silently truncates the data in the file at the specified length.
A field terminator string can be up to 30 characters long. The most common terminators are a tab (entered as ”\\t“ and used for all columns except the last one), and a newline (entered as ”\\n“ and used for the last field in a row). Other terminators are: ”\\0“ (the null terminator), ”\\“ (backslash), and ”\\r“ (Return). When choosing a terminator, be sure that its pattern does not appear in any of your character data.
For example, if you used tab terminators with a string that contained a tab, bcp would not be able to identify which tab represents the end of the string. bcp always looks for the first possible terminator, so, in this example it would find the wrong one.
When a terminator or prefix is present, it affects the length of data transferred. If the length of an entry being copied out to a file is less than the storage length, it is immediately followed by the terminator or the prefix for the next field. The entry is not padded to the full storage length (char, nchar, and binary data is returned from Adaptive Server already padded to the full length).
When bcp is copying in from a file, data is transferred until either the number of bytes indicated in the ”Length“ prompt has been copied or the terminator is encountered. Once the number of bytes equal to the specified length has been transferred, the rest of the data is flushed until the terminator is encountered. When no terminator is used, the table storage length is strictly observed.
Table 4-4 and Table 4-5 show the interaction of prefix lengths, terminators, and field length on the information in the file. ”P“ indicates the prefix in the stored table; ”T“ indicates the terminator; and dashes, (--) show appended spaces. An ellipsis (...) indicates that the pattern repeats for each field. The field length is 8 bytes for each column; ”string\" represents the 6-character field each time.
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Table 4-4: Adaptive Server char data
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Table 4-5: Other datatypes converted to char storage
The file storage type and length of a column do not have to be the same as the type and length of the column in the database table. [If the types and formats copied in are incompatible with the structure of the database table, the copy fails.
File storage length generally indicates the maximum amount of data that can be transferred for the column, excluding terminators and/or prefixes.
When copying data into a table, bcp observes any defaults defined for columns and user-defined datatypes. However, bcp ignores rules in order to load data at the fastest possible speed.
bcp considers any data column that can contain a null value to be variable length, so use either a length prefix or a terminator to denote the length of each row of data.
Data written to a host file in its native format preserves all of its precision. datetime and float values preserve all of their precision, even when they are converted to character format. Adaptive Server stores money values to a precision of one ten-thousandth of a monetary unit. However, when money values are converted to character format, their character format values are recorded only to the nearest two places.
Before copying data that is in character format from a file into a database table, check the datatype entry rules in the Adaptive Server Reference Manual. Character data that is being copied into the database with bcp must conform to those rules. Note especially that dates in the undelimited format (yy)yymmdd may result in overflow errors if the year is not specified first.
When you send host data files to sites that use terminals different from your own, inform them of the datafile_charset that you used to create the files.
原文转自：www.ltesting.net
